Performance reduction limit for power consumption device

ABSTRACT

For one disclosed embodiment, a lower limit for a power consumption device may be identified. Performance of the power consumption device may be reduced in response to a determination that a temperature corresponding to the power consumption device exceeds a threshold. Performance reduction may be limited based on the lower limit. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/164,228, filed Jun. 30, 2008, now issued as U.S.Pat. No. 7,884,499, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety for all purposes except for those sections, ifany, that are inconsistent with this specification.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of the disclosure relate generally to power and thermalmanagement of electronic components and, more specifically, to power andthermal management of self-regulating electronic components.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Computing devices such as desktop and laptop computers, palm-sizedcomputing devices, set-top box, media players (e.g., a CD or DVDplayer), and so forth, typically employ a number of electroniccomponents that generate thermal energy in the form of heat. Thesecomponents include, for example, processors and controllers that mayconsume varying amounts of power and thereby generate varying amounts ofheat when in operation. Because excessive heat can reduce the overallperformance and can cause damage to the components as well as causedamage to other components, designers and manufacturers of suchcomputing devices spend a considerable amount of time developing ways toprevent such devices from overheating. As a result, larger computingdevices such as desktop computers will typically employ some sort ofcooling system that will employ, among other things, fans in order tocounteract the large amount of thermal energy generated by variouscomponents.

Unfortunately, as computing devices such as laptops become more compactand condensed, and as individual components such as processors becomeincreasingly more powerful and thus, consuming more power and generatingmore heat, it is becoming more difficult to manage the tremendousamounts of thermal energy being generated by such components.Increasingly, component designers incorporate self-regulation circuitrywith the components to self-regulate their performance or the amount ofheat produced by the various components. However, the self-regulationmay be sub-optimal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the disclosure will be described referencing theaccompanying drawings, in which like references denote similar elements,and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an overview of various embodiments;

FIG. 2 illustrates a particular implementation of the embodimentsillustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a process for managing power of multiple self-regulating powerconsumption devices in accordance with various embodiments; and

FIG. 4 is another process for managing power of the multipleself-regulating power consumption devices of FIG. 2, in accordance withvarious embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

Illustrative embodiments include but are not limited to methods forexecuting tasks in response to wake events in computing devices whilethe devices are in a reduced power consumption state, componentscontributing to the practice of these methods, in part or in whole, anddevices endowed with such components.

Various aspects of the illustrative embodiments will be described usingterms commonly employed by those skilled in the art to convey thesubstance of their work to others skilled in the art. However, it willbe apparent to those skilled in the art that alternate embodiments maybe practiced with only some of the described aspects. For purposes ofexplanation, specific numbers, materials, and configurations are setforth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the illustrativeembodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art thatalternate embodiments may be practiced without the specific details. Inother instances, well-known features are omitted or simplified in ordernot to obscure the illustrative embodiments.

Further, various operations will be described as multiple discreteoperations, in turn, in a manner that is most helpful in understandingthe illustrative embodiments; however, the order of description shouldnot be construed as to imply that these operations are necessarily orderdependent. In particular, these operations need not be performed in theorder of presentation.

The phrase “in one embodiment” is used repeatedly. The phrase generallydoes not refer to the same embodiment; however, it may. The terms“comprising”, “having”, and “including” are synonymous, unless thecontext dictates otherwise.

One recent trend with respect to computing devices is to includecomponents that have self-regulating features, which allow thecomponents to self-regulate their performance, including heatgeneration. For example, many computing devices such as desktops andlaptops employ a number of processors and/or controllers. In somecomputing devices, some of these components may have a self-regulatingfeature, which for purposes of this description will be referred to as“performance controller” or “performance control” (PC) that allows thecomponents to self-increase or -decrease their operational performancesdepending upon, for example, the specific application or applicationsthat they are to execute, and in turn, their power dissipation andconsequent heat generation. For instance, when such computing devicesare running an application or an overall workload that requiresincreased computational operations, the processors and/or controllershaving the PCs may independently increase their operationalperformances. Typically, the “performance” of an electronic componentsuch as, for example, a processor, may be increased by increasing theclock speed, the electrical current, and the voltage being supplied tosuch components. By increasing the voltage and the current, thesecomponents, in addition to increased performance and power consumption,will likewise increase their thermal outputs in the form of, forexample, higher heat or thermal dissipation.

That is, the thermal condition of, for example, a processor may bedirectly linked to the processor performance and power consumption. Aspower consumption (as well as power dissipation) is raised, processorperformance and heat dissipation of the processor, all of which areclosely linked together, will also increase. Similarly, if the powerconsumption is reduced or clamped, processor performance and heatdissipation of the processor may also be reduced. Because of the closelink between “performance,” “power consumption,” and “powerdissipation,” these terms may be used interchangeably in the followingdescription.

Because PCs will allow their associated components (e.g., processors andcontrollers) to operate at higher level of performance, increasedamounts of power will be dissipated and increased amounts of heat willalso be generated. This increase in power/heat generation may beparticularly undesirable in light of current trends to place multiplecomponents on a single integrated circuit package. For example, apackage having multiple processors and/or controllers havingself-regulating features (e.g., PCs) that are operating at maximumperformance levels may dissipate large amounts of power that may surpassthe overall power budget of the package, or generate large amounts ofheat that may surpass the overall thermal budget of the package. As aresult, the heat generated may overwhelm system-level coolingcapabilities. Prolonged generation of such heat will in the long rundamage the components as well as other nearby components.

According to various embodiments, methods and apparatuses are providedthat may intervene in the self-thermal or self-power regulations of aplurality of independent power/heat dissipation devices. In someembodiments, the novel apparatuses and methods may be employed withrespect to multiple packages to stay within a system-level coolingcapability. For the embodiments, the methods may include monitoringpower consumption and thermal conditions of a plurality of thermalproduction (i.e., power consumption) devices that are configured toindependently self-regulate their performance and consequent powerconsumption and heat dissipation. A determination may then be made as towhether an aggregate of the power consumption or thermal production ofthe plurality of thermal production devices exceeds a threshold. And ifthe aggregate of the power consumption or thermal production of thethermal production devices was determined to exceed the threshold,terminating, at least partially, the independent self-regulating of thepower consumption and intervening in the power regulation of one or moreof the thermal production devices by, for example, reducing the powerconsumption or consumptions (i.e., thermal production or productions) ofone or more of the thermal production devices. In contrast, if theaggregate of the power consumption of the plurality of thermalproduction devices falls below the threshold then the thermal productiondevices may be allowed to self-regulate their power consumptions, and insome instances, one or more of the individual power limits for thethermal production devices, which will be referred to herein as “powerclamps,” may even be relaxed or raised. These and other aspects ofvarious embodiments will be described herein. Although the embodimentsto be described herein are directed to systems having two heatdissipation devices (herein “power consumption devices”), alternativeembodiments may be directed to systems having three or more powerconsumption devices.

FIG. 1 illustrates a system that includes multiple self-regulating powerconsumption (i.e., thermal production) devices and a power consumptionmanagement block in accordance with various embodiments. In someembodiments, the system 10 may be part of a computing device such as alaptop, a desktop, a set-top box, and so forth. As depicted, the system10 may include a first power consumption device 12, a second powerconsumption device 14, current monitors (Imon) 16 and 18, performancecontrols (PC) 20 and 22, temperature sensors (TS) 24 and 26, and a powerconsumption management block 30, which is physically and thermallycoupled to the first and second power consumption devices 12 and 14(which may also be referred to as thermal production devices). The powerconsumption devices 12 and 14, in various embodiments, may be any typeof power-consuming and power-dissipating (i.e., heat dissipating)components such as processors, controllers, and/or other types ofelectronic components that may be employed in, for example, a computingdevice. In some embodiments, at least the power consumption devices 12and 14 may be disposed on a common chassis such as a single integratedcircuit package, or several integrated circuit packages mounted on oneor more printed circuit boards. Note that in the following description,the first and second power consumption devices 12 and 14 may also bereferred to as “thermal production” devices.

Each of the power consumption devices 12 and 14 may have correspondingperformance controls (PCs) 20 and 22 that allow the power consumptiondevices 12 and 14 to self-regulate their performances (i.e., toself-regulate their power and heat dissipations). The PCs 20 and 22 maycontrol their respective power consumption devices 12 and 14 such thatthe power consumption devices 12 and 14 will operate within a predefinedpower range. A power range may be provided by defining a lower (i.e.,minimum) and an upper (i.e., maximum) power limit that a powerconsumption device 12 or 14 is allowed to operate in. In order tooperate within the respective operating ranges of the power consumptiondevices 12 and 14, each of the PCs 20 and 22 may provide a power clampfor their respective power consumption device 12 or 14. A power clampbasically limits or clamps the power consumption or power dissipation(i.e., heat dissipation) of the corresponding power consumption device12 or 14 based on, for example, a predefined static allocation of powerconsumption between the power consumption devices 12 and 14. The powerconsumption level or heat dissipation level, as defined by the powerclamp, will fall within the power range (i.e., between an upper and alower power limit). Thus, a power clamp defines the maximum powerconsumption/heat dissipation level allowed for a power consumptiondevice 12 or 14 at any given moment in time.

Note that typically the upper power limit for a power consumption devicethat is using only self-regulation may be substantially smaller than theupper power limit for a power consumption device that is beingassisted/controlled by a power consumption management block 30. Forexample, suppose the first power dissipation device 12 is a device witha self-regulated upper limit of 25 Watts and suppose further that thesecond power dissipation device 14 is a device with a self-regulatedupper limit of 12 Watts that fits in a 37 Watt System CoolingCapability. In this example, the power consumption management block 30may primarily monitor the 37 Watt total. Thus, if the second powerdissipation device 14 is only taking 7 Watts, then the power consumptionmanagement block 30 may raise the upper limit of the first powerdissipation device 12 to 30 Watts (well above the first powerdissipation device 12 “normal” 25 Watt upper limit). So, the powerconsumption management block 30 may not only control the power clampswithin the “normal” limits, it may also control the power clamps with an“expanded” set of limits. Note that this is true only for “power,” the“temperature” may not be shared/relaxed in this fashion.

Components of computing devices will often have individual power orthermal budgets that they need to abide by. This is particularly truefor, for example, mobile devices such as laptop computers that have anumber of constraints that make them susceptible to overheating. Inaddition to individual power or thermal budgets, there may also be anoverall power budget for multiple components. For example, when multiplepower consumption devices are placed on a common integrated circuitpackage, there may be an overall power budget for all of the powerconsumption devices on the integrated circuit package. The overallbudget for the power consumption devices may, however, be exceeded whenthe power consumption devices have self-regulating performance controls(e.g., PCs 20 and 22). For example, if the first power consumptiondevice 12 is operating at its upper power limit (i.e., the power clampas provided by the PC 20 is equal to the upper power limit of the firstpower consumption device 12) and the second power consumption device 14is also operating at its upper power limit (i.e., the power clamp asprovided by the PC 22 is equal to the upper power limit of the secondpower consumption device 14), the combined or aggregated powerconsumption of both of the power consumption devices 12 and 14 mayexceed the overall power budget allocated to the two power consumptiondevices 12 and 14. Note that the power consumption management block 30,in this case, may not only control the power clamps within the “normal”limits, it may also control power clamps within an “expanded” set oflimits. Again, this may be true only for “power” limits and is notdirected to sharing or relaxing of temperatures limits.

The power consumption management block 30, which may be embodied inhardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof, may be used inorder to manage power dissipation from the power consumption devices 12and 14 such that the overall power budget, which will be referred toherein as a “power threshold” or “aggregate power threshold” for thepower consumption devices 12 and 14 is not substantially violated. Forexample, in some embodiments, the power consumption management block 30may monitor the individual power consumption conditions of the powerconsumption devices 12 and 14, and based on the individual monitoring,may or may not instruct one or both of the PCs 20 and 22 toincrementally readjust their respective power clamps whenever, forexample, the total power consumed or dissipated by the power consumptiondevices 12 and 14 exceeds the power threshold (i.e., overall powerbudget for the power consumption devices 12 and 14). Readjustment of thepower clamps may be via lowering or reducing of one or both of the powerclamps for the power consumption devices 12 and 14. As a result, one orboth of the power consumption devices 12 and 14 may operate at lowerpower levels, resulting in lower power dissipations and lower heatdissipations. This procedure of monitoring and readjustment of the powerclamps may be repeated over and over again until each of the powerconsumption devices 12 and 14 have the appropriate power consumptionconditions to meet the aggregate power threshold for the powerconsumption devices 12 and 14.

One or more metrics may be monitored in order to determine the thermalconditions of the of the first and second power consumption devices 12and 14. For example, in some embodiments in addition to monitoring powerconsumption/dissipation of the power consumption devices 12 and 14,temperatures of the power consumption devices 12 and 14 may becontinually or periodically determined in order to determine the thermalconditions of a power consumption device 12 or 14. The powerconsumption/dissipation (or simply “power”) of a power consumptiondevice 12 or 14, such as a processor, may be monitored by determiningthe amount of electric current flowing through the power consumptiondevice 12 or 14. Since power is merely a function of current andvoltage, and since the voltage being supplied to the power consumptiondevice 12 or 14 is usually known, by simply measuring the electricalcurrent flowing into the power consumption device 12 or 14, adetermination may be made as to the power dissipation of the powerconsumption device 12 or 14. Alternatively, the “power” of a powerconsumption device may be determined or estimated by activity monitoringcapabilities included in the design of the power consumption device.

Once the power dissipation of each of the first and the second powerconsumption devices 12 and 14 is determined using, for example, thecurrent monitors 16 and 18, the aggregate or combined power consumptionfor the first and second power consumption devices 12 and 14 may becalculated by the power consumption management block 30 by simply addingtogether the individual power consumptions of the first and second powerconsumption devices 12 and 14. The aggregate power consumption may thenbe compared to a power threshold (i.e., the overall power budget for thepower consumption devices 12 and 14) in order to determine whether oneor both of the power clamps for the power consumption devices 12 and 14need to be adjusted in order to adjust the power beingconsumed/dissipated by one or both of the power consumption devices 12and 14. Thus, if the power threshold has been exceeded, one or both ofthe power clamps for the power consumption devices 12 and 14 may be, atleast, incrementally reduced by the power consumption management block30 by instructing one or both of the PCs 20 and 22 to reduce their powerclamps. The decision as to which of the power clamps to be adjusted willbe described in greater detail below. In the case where the aggregatepower consumption of the power consumption devices 12 and 14 is belowthe power threshold, the power consumption devices 12 and 14 may beallowed to self-regulate themselves, and in some instances, the powerconsumption management block 30 may even intervene to raise the powerclamps for one or both of the power consumption devices 12 and 14.

In various embodiments, the power consumption management block 30 may,in addition to monitoring the power consumption/dissipations of thepower consumption devices 12 and 14, monitor the temperatures of thefirst and second power consumption devices 12 and 14 using thetemperature sensors 24 and 26. If the power consumption management block30 determines that the temperatures of one or both of the powerconsumption devices 12 and 14 has exceeded certain temperaturethresholds, then the power consumption management block 30 may instructone or both of the PCs 20 and 22 to reduce their power clamps eventhough the aggregate power dissipations of the power consumption devices12 and 14 did not exceed the power threshold. This may ensure thatneither of the power consumption devices 12 and 14 will overheat.

FIG. 2 illustrates a particular implementation of the system 10 of FIG.1, in accordance with various embodiments. As in system 10 of FIG. 1,system 60 includes a power consumption management block 30 to manageheat dissipations of multiple heat dissipating devices, which, in thiscase, are a central processing unit (CPU) 42 and a Graphics and MemoryController Hub (GMCH) 44 that are disposed on a integrated circuitpackage 40. The CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 may each have a correspondingperformance control (PC) 43 and 45 to facilitate the CPU 42 and the GMCH44 in self-regulating their own operational performances (as well astheir power consumption/dissipation). In particular, each of the PCs 43and 45 may provide a power clamp that that may be within the poweroperating range of the corresponding device (i.e., CPU 42 and GMCH 44),the power clamp being initially set, in some embodiments, by statisticaldeterminations. With respect to PC 43, PC 43 may be, in someembodiments, hardwired into the CPU 42, while PC 45 may be partiallyembedded in both the GMCH 44 and a graphics driver (not depicted).

The power consumption management block 30 may monitor the powerconditions of the CPU 42 as well as to control, when prompted to do sobased on the monitoring of the power/thermal conditions of the CPU 42,the performance (i.e., power consumption/power or heat dissipation) ofthe CPU 42 indirectly via a platform controller hub (PCH) 50, whichincludes a memory-map input/output (MMIO) register set 52, and PCHdriver 54. In contrast, the power consumption management block 30 maymonitor the power/thermal conditions of the GMCH 44 and control, whenprompted to do so based on the monitoring of the power/thermalconsumption conditions of the GMCH 44, the power consumption of the GMCH44 directly. In some embodiments, the power consumption management block30 may be viewed as a power/thermal controller that is configured topermit the self-regulation of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 to continue aslong as the self-regulation does not trigger a package level powerdissipation event or a package level thermal management event.

The CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 may both have a voltage regulator (VR) 46 and48 that may have current monitoring capabilities. Thus, the powerconsumption management block 30 may use the current monitoring featuresof the VRs 46 and 48 in order to determine the electrical currentsflowing through the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 in order to calculate thepower consumption/dissipations of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44.Alternatively, or in addition to the VR monitoring, other methods ofpower consumption measurement, or estimations of power consumption maybe employed that may be based on internal monitoring of the internalactivities of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44. In any event, the powerconsumptions of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 determined by the powerconsumption management block 30 may then be aggregated by the powerconsumption management block 30, and the aggregate power consumption(“aggregate power”) may then be compared to an aggregate power threshold(i.e., the maximum combined power allowed) for the CPU 42 and the GMCH44. If the aggregate power is determined to be greater than theaggregate power threshold, then the power consumption management block30 may instruct one or both of the PCs 43 and 45 to adjust (e.g.,incrementally reduce) their power clamps in order to reduce the overallpower dissipation of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44. In contrast, if theaggregate power is determined be less than the aggregate powerthreshold, than the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 may be allowed toself-regulate, and the power consumption management block 30 may even,in some instances, instruct one or both of the PCs 43 and 45 to adjusttheir power clamps by raising the power clamps.

In some embodiments, a user may provide a performance preference or biastowards one of the power consumption devices (i.e., CPU 42 and GMCH 44)that may decide which of the power clamps associated with the powerconsumption devices is to be adjusted once the aggregate power of theCPU 42 and the GMCH 44 has been determined to be greater than theaggregate power threshold. For example, in the case of the system 60 ofFIG. 2, the user may have three choices, to bias towards CPU 42, to biastowards GMCH 44, or to be neutral. Suppose the user elects to biastowards, for example, the CPU 42. When the combined or aggregate powerof the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 is determined to be greater than theaggregate power threshold, then the power clamp for the GMCH 44 may beadjusted downwards first before the power clamp for the CPU 42 isadjusted downwards, so long as the power clamp for the GMCH 44 is notequal to or less than the lower power limit of the GMCH 44.

Similarly, if the user selects to bias towards the GMCH 44, the powerclamp for the CPU 42 may be adjusted downward first before the powerclamp for the GMCH 44 is adjusted downward when the combined oraggregate power of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 is determined to begreater than the aggregate power threshold. If the user elects a neutralposition, then whenever the aggregate power of the CPU 42 and the GMCH44 is determined to be greater than the aggregate power threshold, thenboth of the power clamps for CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 may be adjusteddownwards equally, proportionally, or in any other manner.

Performance preference may also be provided for situations when theaggregate power of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 has been determined to beless than the aggregate power threshold. For example, in this case wherethe aggregate power is less than the power threshold, if the user electsto bias towards, for example, the CPU 42, the power clamp for the CPU 42may be adjusted upwards before the power clamp for the GMCH 44 isadjusted upwards. Similarly, if the user elects to bias towards the GMCH44 instead of the CPU 42, the power clamp for the GMCH 44 may beadjusted upwards first before the power clamp for the CPU 42 is adjustedupwards. If the user elects a neutral position, then the power clampsfor both the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 may be adjusted upwards equally,proportionally, or in any other manner.

In some embodiments, the power consumption management block 30 maymonitor the temperatures of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 to supplement thepower consumption monitoring of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 describedabove to ensure that the CPU 42, the GMCH 44, and/or the integratedcircuit package 40 is not overheating. For example, even if it isdetermined that the aggregated power of the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44 isdetermined to be less than the aggregated power threshold, the powerconsumption management block 30 may, nevertheless, instruct one or bothof the PCs 43 and 45 to adjust downwards their respective power clampsif it is determined that the temperatures of one or both of the CPU 42and the GMCH 44 is determined to be greater than selective temperaturethresholds.

The power consumption management block 30, may operate under the atleast partial direction of the platform thermal control 56. The platformthermal control 56 may monitor the overall thermal conditions of variouscomponents of a computing device including the CPU 42 and the GMCH 44and those components not depicted in FIG. 2. The platform thermalcontrol 56 may also provide the user bias preferences previouslydescribed to the power consumption management block 30. The platformthermal control 56 may also directly or indirectly control orparticipate in the determination of the aggregate power threshold, thetemperature limits, and other parameters that control or influence theactions of the power consumption management block 30.

FIG. 3 illustrates a process for controlling the individual powerconsumption and heat dissipations of two power consumption devices, suchas a CPU and a GMCH, when the aggregate power of the CPU and GMCH isless than an aggregate power threshold, in accordance with variousembodiments of the present invention. More particularly, the process 70illustrates how power clamps for self-regulating power consumptiondevices, such as the previously described self-regulating CPU and GMCH,are individually adjusted upwards when the aggregate power for the CPUand the GMCH is less than the aggregate power threshold and theindividual temperatures for the CPU and the GMCH are less than theirindividual temperature limits.

In some embodiments, the process 70 may be executed using the system 60of FIG. 2 in which case the process 70 may be continuously orperiodically executed over and over again when the CPU and the GMCH arein operation. For purposes of the following description, the CPU andGMCH may each operate within a corresponding power range. Such a rangemay be defined by an upper power limit and a lower power limit. Each ofthe CPU and the GMCH may have corresponding power clamps to limit thepower or heat dissipations by the CPU and the GMCH. In variousembodiments, these power clamps may be set anywhere within the upper andlower power limits of the CPU and the GMCH. As described herein, undercertain conditions, at least the upper power limits may be raised inorder to achieve, for example, optimal performance.

For the embodiments, the process 70 may begin when the aggregate powerof the CPU and the GMCH has been determined to be less than the powerthreshold at 72. A determination may be made as to whether there is abias towards the CPU or the GMCH or there is no bias (i.e., neutral) at74. If it is determined that there is a bias towards the CPU, forexample by a user electing to bias towards the CPU, then a determinationmay be made as to whether the power clamp for the CPU is currently lessthan the upper power limit for the CPU at 80. If true, then the powerclamp for the CPU may be raised at 86, and the process 70 starts allover again at block 72. If the power clamp for the CPU is determined tobe equal to the upper power limit of the CPU, then a determination maybe made at 82 as to whether the power clamp for the GMCH is equal to theupper power limit of the GMCH. If so, then the process 70 may beginagain at block 72. In contrast, if the power clamp for the GMCH isdetermined to be less than the upper power limit of the GMCH then thepower clamp for the GMCH may be raised at 84, and the process 70 maybegin again at 72.

If a determination was made at 74 that there is a bias towards the GMCHrather than towards the CPU as described above then a determination maybe made as to whether the power clamp for the GMCH is less than theupper power limit for the GMCH at 76. If the power clamp for the GMCH isdetermined to be less than the upper power limit of the GMCH then theGMCH power clamp may be raised at 90. If, however, the power clamp forthe GMCH is determined to be equal to the upper power limit of the GMCHthen a determination may be made as to whether the power clamp for theCPU is equal to the upper power limit of the CPU at 78. If so, then theprocess 70 returns to block 72. On the other hand, if the power clampfor the CPU is determined to be less than the upper power limit of theCPU then the power clamp for the CPU may be raised at 92.

Finally, if a determination was made at 74 that there is no bias towardseither the CPU or the GMCH, meaning that there is neutral biasing, thenthe power clamps for both the CPU and the GMCH may be raised equally,proportionally, or in some other manner at 88. This assumes that thepower clamps for the CPU and the GMCH are not already equal to the upperpower limits of the CPU and GMCH. If one or both of the power clamps forthe CPU and the GMCH is or are already equal to the upper power limitsof their respective devices than one or both of the power clamps may notbe raised at 88 even if the applications being executed by the CPU andthe GMCH calls for higher power.

FIG. 4 illustrates a process for controlling the individual powerconsumptions/heat dissipations of the CPU and the GMCH of FIG. 2 whenthe aggregate power of the CPU and GMCH is greater than the aggregatedpower threshold for the CPU and GMCH or if the individual temperaturesfor the CPU and the GMCH are greater than their individual temperaturelimits, in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.More specifically, the process 100 illustrates how the power clamps forthe self-regulating CPU and the self-regulating GMCH previouslydescribed may be adjusted downwards when the aggregate power for thedevices is greater than the aggregated power threshold (i.e., themaximum combined power that is allowed) for the devices or thetemperatures of one or both of the CPU and GMCH are greater than theirindividual temperature limits.

In some embodiments, the process 100 may be executed using the system 60of FIG. 2 in which case the process 100 may be continuously orperiodically executed over and over again when the CPU and the GMCH arein operation. Again, for purposes of the following description, each ofthe CPU and GMCH may operate within a corresponding power range, whichmay be defined by an upper power limit and a lower power limit.

For the embodiments, the process 100 may begin when the aggregate powerof the CPU and the GMCH is determined to be greater than the powerthreshold at 102. A determination may be made as to whether there is abias towards the CPU or the GMCH or there is no bias towards either theCPU or the GMCH (i.e., neutral) at 104. If it is determined that thereis a bias towards the GMCH then a determination may be made as towhether the power clamp for the CPU is currently equal to the lowerpower limit of the CPU at 110. If not, then the power clamp for the CPUmay be reduced at 116, and the process 100 may be repeated againstarting at block 102. If, on the other hand, the power clamp for theCPU is determined at 110 to be equal to the lower power limit of the CPUthen a determination is made at 112 as to whether the power clamp forthe GMCH is equal to the lower power limit of the GMCH. If true, thenthe process 100 may begin again at block 102. On the other hand, if thepower clamp for the GMCH is determined to be greater than the lowerpower limit of the GMCH at 112 then the power clamp for the GMCH may bereduced at 114, and the process 100 may be repeated again starting at102.

If a determination was made at 104 that there is a bias towards the GMCHinstead of towards the CPU, as described above, then anotherdetermination may be made as to whether the power clamp for the GMCH isequal to the lower power limit for the GMCH at 106. If the power clampfor the GMCH is determined not to be equal to the lower power limit ofthe GMCH then the GMCH power clamp may be reduced at 120. If, however,the power clamp for the GMCH is determined to be equal to the lowerpower limit of the GMCH at 106 then a determination may be made as towhether the power clamp for the CPU is equal to the lower power limitfor the CPU at 108. If true, then the process 100 may be repeatedstarting at block 102. On the other hand, if the power clamp for the CPUis determined to be greater than the lower power limit of the CPU thenthe power clamp for the CPU may be reduced at 122.

Finally, if a determination was made at 104 that there is no biastowards either the CPU or the GMCH, meaning that there is neutralbiasing, then the power clamps for both the CPU and the GMCH may bereduced equally, proportionally, or in some other manner at 118. Thisassumes that the power clamps for the CPU and the GMCH are currently notequal to the lower power limits of the CPU and GMCH. If one or both ofthe power clamps for the CPU and the GMCH is or are already equal to thelower power limits of their respective devices then the one or both ofthe power clamps may not be reduced at 118.

Although the above described processes 70 and 100 are directed to aself-regulating CPU and a self-regulating GMCH, the processes 70 and 100may be directed to any type of self-regulating power consumption/heatdissipation devices. Further, the processes 70 and 100 may beextrapolated to be used for three or more self-regulating powerconsumption/heat dissipation devices in various alternative embodiments.

Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and describedherein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the artthat a wide variety of alternate and/or equivalent implementations maybe substituted for the specific embodiments shown and described, withoutdeparting from the scope of the present invention. This application isintended to cover any adaptations or variations of the embodimentsdiscussed herein. Therefore, it is manifestly intended that thisinvention be limited only by the claims and the equivalents thereof.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for power management, comprising:monitoring power consumption conditions of a plurality of powerconsumption devices configured to independently self-regulate powerconsumption, wherein said power consumption devices have correspondingpower clamps, the power clamps defining power consumption levels torestrict the power consumption devices from operating at powerconsumption levels that are greater than the power consumption levelsspecified by the power clamps; determining whether an aggregate of thepower consumptions of the plurality of power consumption devices exceedsa threshold; and terminating at least partially the independentself-regulation of power consumption of the plurality of powerconsumption devices and intervening in power regulation of one or moreof the power consumption devices, if the aggregate of the powerconsumption of the power consumption devices was determined to exceedthe threshold; wherein said intervening includes reducing one or more ofthe power clamps and if the aggregate of the power consumption of thepower consumption devices was determined to exceed the threshold, thensaid reducing includes determining whether a first power clamp of afirst power consumption device is equal to a lower power limit of thefirst power consumption device, and if so determined, reducing a secondpower clamp of a second power consumption device if the second powerclamp is greater than a lower power limit of the second powerconsumption device.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said interveningincludes reducing the power consumption of one or more of the powerconsumption devices.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein if said aggregatepower consumption of the power consumption devices was determined to bebelow the threshold, intervening in power regulation of one or more ofthe power consumption devices by raising power clamp or clamps of theone or more of the power consumption devices.
 4. The method of claim 1,wherein said monitoring includes monitoring temperatures of theplurality of power consumption devices, and said terminating is basedon, in addition to the determination of whether the aggregate of thepower consumptions exceeds the threshold, the monitoring of thetemperatures.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said plurality of powerconsumption devices are disposed on a package substrate, and saidmonitoring includes monitoring electrical currents through the powerconsumption devices to determine power consumptions of the powerconsumption devices, to monitor the power consumption conditions of thepower consumption devices.
 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the powerconsumption devices include a central processing unit (CPU) and aGraphics and Memory Controller Hub (GMCH).
 7. The method of claim 5,further comprising prior to said intervening the power consumptiondevices operating at the power consumption levels specified by the powerclamps based, at least in part, on applications to be executed by thepower consumption devices.
 8. An apparatus capable of power management,comprising: a first and a second power consumption device having a firstand a second power clamp to clamp the first and second power consumptiondevices at a first and a second power consumption level to limit thefirst and the second power consumption device to a first and a secondpower consumption limit, respectively; and a power consumptionmanagement block physically and thermally coupled to the first andsecond power consumption devices to conditionally modify at least one ofsaid clamping of power consumption of said first and second powerconsumption devices in view of the combined power consumption of thefirst and second power consumption devices; wherein said powerconsumption management block is adapted to compare a combined powerconsumption of the first and second power consumption devices to athreshold and if the combined power consumption is determined to begreater than the threshold to reduce at least one of the first or thesecond power clamp; and wherein said power consumption management blockis further adapted to, if the combined power consumption is determinedto be greater than the threshold, determine whether the first powerclamp is equal to a lower power limit of the first power consumptiondevice, and if so determined, reduce the second power clamp of thesecond power consumption device if the second power clamp is greaterthan a lower power limit of the second power consumption device.
 9. Theapparatus of claim 8, wherein the power consumption management block isadapted to determine a first power consumption of the first powerconsumption device and a second power consumption of the second powerconsumption device to calculate the combined power consumption of thefirst and second power consumption devices to said conditionally modifyat least one of said clamping of power consumption of said first andsecond power consumption devices.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, whereinsaid power consumption management block is further adapted to determinethe first and second power consumption by measuring electrical currentsflowing through the first and second power consumption devices.
 11. Theapparatus of claim 9, wherein said power consumption management block isfurther adapted to determine a first and a second temperature of thefirst and the second power consumption device to said conditionallymodify the at least one of said clamping of power consumption of saidfirst and second power consumption devices.
 12. The apparatus of claim8, wherein said first power consumption device is a processor and saidsecond power consumption device is a controller.
 13. The apparatus ofclaim 8, wherein said first and second power consumption devices areconfigured to independently self-regulate thermal production byproviding the first and second power clamps prior to said powerconsumption management block conditionally modifying at least one of thepower clamps.
 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said first andsecond power consumption devices are further configured to operate at orbelow first and second power clamps based on applications beingexecuted.
 15. A system capable of thermal management, comprising: afirst and a second processor co-disposed in one or more integratedcircuit packages, each processor configured to self-regulate their powerconsumption; and a thermal controller for thermal management coupled tothe processors, the thermal controller configured to determine that anaggregate of the power consumptions of the first and the secondprocessors exceeds a threshold, determine that the first processor has apower clamp that is equal to a low power limit of the first processor,reduce a power clamp of the second processor based on the determinationthat the power clamp of the first processor is equal to the low powerlimit of the first processor.
 16. The system of claim 15, furthercomprising a platform thermal control coupled to the thermal controllerto provide to the thermal controller a performance preference to thefirst processor, the second processor, or neither.